Scientists have discovered an ingenious way to boost the nutritional value of protein-rich microalgae using waste from insects, presenting an eco-friendly solution to global protein demands.
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Meat production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 14.5% of the global total. This is due to gases released by livestock and the massive deforestation needed for grazing lands. Insects and microalgae, two promising alternative protein sources that are much kinder to the environment.
Insects, such as mealworms, are highly efficient at converting feed into protein. They require less land, water, and food than traditional livestock, and produce significantly fewer emissions. Although insects still produce some waste, scientists from the University of Bergen and the Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE) have found a novel use for it. Known as ‘frass,’ this waste, consisting of insect excrement and molted exoskeletons, can now be used to fertilize microalgae.
Microalgae, like Chlorella vulgaris, are tiny but mighty in nutrition. They can be grown in large quantities to produce a substantial amount of protein, which is essential for developing nutritious food products. The researchers mixed powdered frass with water, processed it, and used it to feed the algae. The results? The algae thrived, producing protein levels comparable to those grown with traditional fertilizers.
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Microalgae can contain up to 70% protein.
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Can be grown with less land and water than conventional crops.
While this small-scale experiment showed promising results, more research is required before it can be applied commercially. The scientists also highlight the need to find uses for the non-soluble particles extracted from frass, which are currently discarded. This innovative study not only provides a sustainable protein source but also showcases the potential of reusing waste to grow essential nutrients.
As global policymakers and organizations work toward sustainable food systems, such developments are crucial. By supporting sustainable practices like insect and microalgae farming, a more balanced and eco-friendly future is within reach.